网络热词“嘴替”的词汇化分析

A Lexicalized Analysis of the Network Hot Word “Zuiti”

网络热词“嘴替”是名词“嘴”与动词“替”的组合,来源于状中短语“用嘴……替”,后发展为定中短语“嘴巴的替代”,再到主谓短语“我的嘴巴被替代了”。“嘴替”使用频率高,但其演变过程及动因鲜有研究。“嘴替”具有名词性,常在句中充当宾语。先从历时的角度分析“嘴替”的词汇化过程,同时又在共时层面上对“嘴替”的句法特征进行分析,并进一步探究其词汇化的机制与动因。基于语料库的检索发现,“嘴替”从独立使用阶段转向合并使用阶段,从状中结构词汇化为定中结构、主谓结构,最终完成词汇化。在转喻与重新分析的机制作用下,在高频使用、双音化趋势、创新与经济性原则的影响下,“嘴替”发生了词汇化。

The online hot word “zuiti” is a combination of noun “zui” and verb “ti”, which originated from the adverbial phrase “use one’s mouth to...”, then developed into the attributive phrase “mouth substitution” and finally to the subject-predicate phrase “my mouth has been replaced”. The network hot word “zuiti” is frequently used, but its evolution process and motivation are rarely studied. The word “zuiti” is a noun and often acts as an object in sentences. Firstly, this paper analyzes the lexicalization process of “zuiti” from a diachronic perspective, and at the same time analyzes the syntactic characteristics of “zuiti” from a synchronic level, and further explores its lexicalization mechanism and motivation. Corpus-based retrieval shows that “mouth replacement” has changed from independent use stage to combined use stage. The lexicalization of the structure from the form to the neutral structure and the subject-predicate structure is finally completed. Under the mechanism of metonymy and reanalysis, as well as the influence of high-frequency use, disyllabic trend, innovation and economy principle, “zuiti” has become lexicalized.