基于论元结构理论的“跳”字义项分布研究

A Study on the Distribution of the Meaning of “Tiao” Based on the Theory of Argument Structure

该文以现代汉语“跳”字为例,采用定量方法,从北京语言大学BCC语料库中随机抽选1000条“跳”字语料,运用论元结构理论对《现代汉语词典》(第7版)对“跳”字的义项分布情况进行重新分析。经研究对比,在已有4个义项“腿上用力,使身体突然离开所在的地方;物体由于弹性作用突然向上移动;一起一伏地动;越过应该经过的一处而到另一处”的基础上,还发现有“瘸着走路;快走,疾走;耍弄,摆弄;抛掷;上冒,冒出;横行;(数据,价值等)大幅波动翻越;越过(墙、窗等障碍物)”等8个动词新义项,以及“跳板;古房屋建筑的斗拱挑出的层次”2个名词义项,并对新旧义项进行梳理调整,最终确定为7个动词义项和2个名词义项。

Taking the modern Chinese character “Tiao” as an example, quantitative method is applied in this paper, to randomly select 1000 “Tiao” character corpus from the BBC corpus of Beijing Language and Culture University, with the theory of argument structure to re-analyze the distribution of the meaning of the character “Tiao” in the Modern Chinese Dictionary (7th Edition). Based on the 4 origin meanings, 8 new verb meanings are also found as “limping walking;Walk fast, scurry;Tricking, fiddling;Sling;Up, pop up;sideways;(data, value, etc.) fluctuates significantly;Over (obstacles, windows, etc.)” as well as 2 noun meanings “springboard;The layers of the structure of ancient house buildings were singled out”. The old and new meanings were sorted out and adjusted, and finally determined to be 7 verb meanings and 2 noun meanings.