基于语料库的英汉近义词语义韵对比研究——以“cause”,“arouse”和“导致”,“促使”为例

A Corpus-Based Contrastive Study on the Semantic Prosody between English and Chinese Synonyms—Taking “cause”, “arouse” and “导致”, “促使” as Examples

本研究采用BROWN,LOB,FROWN,FLOB,CROWN和CLOB等六个布朗家族英语语料库以及兰卡斯特现代汉语语料库(LCMC)和北京大学CCL语料库两大汉语语料库,通过AntConc语料库软件对cause,arouse和导致、促使两对英汉近义“导致”类动词进行索引行分析。研究发现,英语“导致”类动词cause呈现明显的消极语义韵,而arouse则表现为积极语义韵;汉语中“导致”在语料中只能体现出消极语义韵,“促使”显示为积极语义韵。此外,为增加可对比性,笔者还参考了以汉语作为二语学习对象的学习者语料库,分析其反映的语义特征,发现了留学生和中文母语者中存在的使用差异,并对中文教学提供一些启示。

In this study, six Brown family English corpora, including BROWN, LOB, FROWN, FLOB, CROWN and CLOB, as well as two Chinese corpora, LCMC and the CCL Corpus of Peking University, are used to analyze the English and Chinese synonyms “cause, arouse” and “导致, 促使” by using the AntConc corpus software to collect the concordance. It is found that the English verb CAUSE turns out an obvious negative semantic prosody, while “arouse” shows a positive semantic prosody. The Chinese word “导致” only reveals the negative meaning in the corpus, while “促使” is displayed in a positive. Additionally, to enhance comparability, the author drew upon a learner corpus of Chinese as a second language, thoroughly analyzing its reflected semantic characteristics. As a result, notable dissimilarities in language usage between international students and native Chinese speakers were pinpointed, subsequently offering valuable insights for the field of Chinese language instruction.