富宁苗语的约量时间词研究

A Study on Approximate Time Words in Funing Hmong Language

约量时间词即表示时间数量不确定的一类时间词。苗语中有较丰富的约量时间词,从意义上可以分为言短时、言长时、言长短时和言频时约量时间词。约量时间词在语义上具有模糊性,表现在时间的长短和时间词之间的界限上。约量时间词在客观时间长短意义的基础之上融合了说话者的主观意味,形成了主客观视点的语义二重性;在语法上,部分约量时间词能受副词修饰,部分不能受副词修饰,约量时间词还可以充当句子的补语和状语成分。

The approximate time word refers to a type of time word that represents an uncertain quantity of time. There are abundant approximate time words in the Miao language, which can be divided into short-term, long-term, long-term, and frequent approximate time words. Approximate time words have semantic ambiguity, manifested in the length of time and the boundaries between time words. On the basis of objective time length meaning, approximate time words integrate the subjective meaning of the speaker, forming a semantic duality of subjective and objective perspectives;In grammar, some approximate time words can be modified by adverbs, while others cannot. Ap-proximate time words can also serve as complements and adverbial components of sentences.