论英诗格律的译法探讨——从《哀希腊》汉译本说起

On the Translation Method of English Poetry Metrics—From the Chinese Version of The Isles of Greece

英诗汉译研究屡见不鲜,且不同时代的译者对同一源文本存在各自的翻译取舍,最终导致译文呈现效果的差异。其取舍的探讨主要聚焦于诗歌形式与诗歌内容。而相较于更容易传递对应的英诗内容,形式上的呈现因译者自身的主观因素及时代背景的客观因素等存在出入。且英诗中的格律即步律、音律、行律、节律、韵律难以在汉语中实现完全的翻译对应,使得部分翻译家为保全格律诗的内容而舍弃形式,这也正是争议所在且前人研究涉略不足之处。本文以拜伦的《哀希腊》汉译本为探讨范例,认为英诗的五律在译本中存在实现程度的差异但并非不可译,虽然两种语言在诗歌呈现上不尽相同但从诗学角度出发,两者对于格律在诗学上的价值有着共同的认识,使得英诗中五律的美感经过翻译后得以发挥。

There are many researches on the translation of English poetry into Chinese, and translators in dif-ferent times have their own translation choices for the same source text, which eventually leads to different translation effects. The discussion of its choice mainly focuses on the form and content of poetry. Compared with the content of English poetry, which is more easily transmitted and corre-sponding, the form is different due to the subjective factors of the translator and the objective fac-tors of the time background. In addition, it is difficult to achieve complete translation correspond-ence in English poetry, namely, step, tone, line, rhythm and prosody, which makes some translators abandon the form in order to preserve the content of metrical poetry, which is also exactly the con-troversy and the inadequacy of previous studies. Taking the Chinese version of Byron’s The Isles of Greece as an example, this paper holds that there are differences in the realization degree of the five laws in English poetry in the translated versions, but they are not untranslatable. Although the two languages are different in poetic presentation, from the poetic point of view, they share a com-mon understanding of the poetic value of the rules, which makes the aesthetic feeling of the five laws in English poetry come into play after translation.