“无度解构,有限翻译”——解构主义翻译观中的不可译

“Unlimited Deconstruction, Limited Translation”—Untranslatability in Deconstruction Translation Theory

翻译中的不可译问题一直是一个百家争鸣的话题,解构主义翻译观中的不可译不囿于语言转换的具体形式,凸显了解构主义语言哲学对语言符号的特异性诠释。本文从本雅明及德里达等撰写的解构主义经典文献出发,探究不可译产生的原因及影响。研究发现,在解构主义翻译视角下,能指的延异和语言之间的亲缘性是不可译产生的两大根源,二者的双重影响使得翻译成为一项必须但永远不可能实现的任务,而语境并不会造成不可译,其使意义能够固定下来。语言符号可以在语境中获得短暂而相对的意义,但这一过程不是简单的重复而是迭代。

The discussion of untranslatability in deconstruction translation theory has always been a topic al-ways open to discussion. The untranslatability in the deconstructive view of translation is not lim-ited to the specific forms of language conversion but highlighting the idiosyncratic of language symbols in the deconstructive philosophy of language. This article explores the causes and effects of untranslatability from the classic deconstructive literature written by Walter Benjamin and Jacques Derrida. It is found that, from the perspective of deconstructive translation, the two major reasons contributing to untranslatability include the différance of signifiers and the affinity among lan-guages, the dual pressures of which make translation a necessity but an elusive task. Signifiers are transiently and relatively located in contexts, the process of which is iteration rather than repeti-tion.