上海历史文化街区语言景观研究——以多伦路为例

A Study on the Linguistic Landscape of Shanghai Historical and Cultural Districts—A Case Study of Duolun Road

语言景观是城市环境的重要组成部分,近年来受到符号学、社会学和经济学等学科的关注。历史文化街区的语言景观是公共空间语言和中国传统文化接触、融合的表征,体现区域文化软实力,助力中国文化走出去。本研究以SPEAKING模型为框架,结合田野调查法、访谈法、统计法,考察上海多伦路历史文化街区的语言景观现状,探析语言标牌的“作者”、“读者”和文本的互动关系,揭示语言景观存在的问题及原因。研究发现,多伦路官方和私人标牌的语码选择与取向是存在明显差异的,反映了不同的语言的权势地位以及活力水平。官方标牌“作者”、“读者”和文本的互动显著,标牌充分发挥了信息和象征功能,但译写中存在中式英语的现象。私人标牌的三者互动不足,标牌译写欠佳,未能突显商家的经营特色和游客的消费需求。该研究对进一步合理规划城市官方语言政策,加强城市外语环境建设有效探索以及科学制定公共空间语言生态具有积极意义。

Linguistic landscape is an important part of urban environment, which has been concerned by se-miotics, sociology and economics in recent years. The linguistic landscape of the historical and cul-tural blocks is the symbol of the contact and fusion between the public space language and Chinese traditional culture, which reflects the soft power of regional culture and helps Chinese culture to go out. Based on the framework of SPEAKING model, combining with field survey, interview and statis-tics, this study investigates the language landscape of historical and cultural district of Duolun Road in Shanghai. This paper probes into the interactive relationship between the “Author”, “Reader” and the text of the language signs, and reveals the problems and reasons existing in the linguistic land-scape. It is found that the code choice and orientation of the official and private signs in Duolun Road are obviously different, reflecting the power status and vitality level of different languages. The “Authors” and “Readers” of the official signs and the texts interact with each other obviously, and the sign gives full play to the function of information and symbol, but Chinglish exists in trans-lation and writing. The three-way interaction of private signs is insufficient, and the signs are poorly translated, which fails to highlight the characteristics of the business and the consumer needs of tourists. This study is of great significance to the rational planning of urban official language policy, the effective exploration of urban foreign language environment construction and the scientific es-tablishment of public space language ecology.