宁波籍“00后”大学生方言使用现状及其影响因素研究

The Current Situation of Dialect Use among Ningbo Native “Post-00s” College Students and Its Influencing Factors

在方言日渐式微的新时代,宁波方言作为宁波地方传统文化的重要载体以及中华民族传统文化的宝贵遗产,它的传承和发展具有十分重要的意义。本文采用混合式研究方法,通过问卷和访谈调查了宁波籍“00后”大学生的方言使用现状及其影响因素。研究发现:1) 宁波方言在大学生群体中的传承情况不容乐观,仅有不到一半的参与者能熟练或基本熟练地使用宁波方言;2) 在多数场合,普通话使用占据主导地位,但在家庭内部及与老年人交谈时,方言使用频率非常高;3) 绝大多数参与者高度认同宁波方言的价值,并认为方言和普通话可以共存;4)小时候的生活场景、家庭的方言环境、趣味性传播方式是影响宁波方言在研究对象群体中传承的主要因素。最后,本研究对宁波方言的保护和传承提出了若干建议。

In the new era when dialects are declining, the inheritance and development of the Ningbo dialect, an important carrier of Ningbo’s local traditional culture and a valuable heritage of the traditional culture of the Chinese nation, is of great significance. This paper adopts a mixed research method to investigate the current situation of dialect use and its influencing factors among Ningbo native “Post-00s” college students through questionnaires and interviews. The findings reveal that: 1) The inheritance of the Ningbo dialect in the college student population is not optimistic, with less than half of the participants being able to use the Ningbo dialect proficiently or basically. 2) In most situations, the use of Mandarin prevails. But the frequency of dialect use is very high when conversing with family members, especially the elderly. 3) The vast majority of participants highly recognize the value of the Ningbo dialect and believe that the dialect and Mandarin can coexist. 4) The living environment in childhood, the dialect environment in the family, and the interesting ways of communication are the main factors that influence the transmission of the Ningbo dialect in the participant group. Finally, this study puts forward some suggestions for the preservation and transmission of the Ningbo dialect.