日本人编北京话会话教科书《燕语新编》话语分析

Discourse Analysis of the Japanese-Authored Beijing Dialect Conversation Textbook—Yan Yu Xin Bian

《燕语新编》为日本明治末期(1906年)由日本人编写的北京话会话书。本文主要从会话和语用两个方面对《燕语新编》进行话语分析,考察晚清时期北京话使用的实态和日本人编撰汉语会话书的科学性。主要运用萨克斯(Sacks)的会话分析理论、格赖斯(Grice)的合作原则和利奇(Leech)的礼貌原则来进行研究。结果表明该会话书内容丰富,编撰内容符合汉语会话特征,具有一定科学性。本研究不仅有助于了解当时日本人学习汉语的具体情况,还可为我国对外汉语教科书的编写提供参考价值。

Yan Yu Xin Bian is a Beijing dialect conversation textbook written by Japanese at the end of the Meiji period (1906). This paper focuses on discourse analysis from both conversational and pragmatic aspects, examining the realities of the use of Beijing dialect in the late Qing Dynasty and the scientific of its compilation. Sacks’ theory of conversational analysis, Grice’s principle of co-operation and Leech’s principle of politeness are mainly used for the study. The results show that the conversation book is rich in content, compiled in accordance with the characteristics of Chinese conversation, and has a certain degree of scientific. This study not only helps to understand the specific situation of Japanese learning Chinese at that time, but also provides reference value for the compilation of Chinese textbooks for foreigners in China.