语用预设视角下美国情景喜剧《生活大爆炸》的言语幽默研究

A Study of Verbal Humor in American Sitcom “The Big Bang Theory” from the Perspective of Pragmatic Presupposition

幽默作为一种非常常见的语言现象,为人们的生活提供了一种积极的生活态度。美国情景喜剧《生活大爆炸》,作为经典的情景喜剧之一,因其幽默诙谐的语言魅力,广受全球人民的喜爱。同时,它也作为幽默载体之一,为幽默在语用学方面的研究提供了丰富的语料。本文从语用预设的特征出发,选取《生活大爆炸》中的文本进行研究,发现语用预设在《生活大爆炸》言语幽默的生成机制中发挥着重要作用。具体来说,人们通过违反语用预设的共知性和适切性,或者利用语用预设的可撤消性和可追加性,来实现幽默效果。

Humor, as a very common linguistic phenomenon, provides people with a positive attitude towards life. The American sitcom “The Big Bang Theory”, as one of the classic sitcoms, is widely loved by people around the world due to its humorous and witty language charm. At the same time, it also serves as one of the carriers of humor and provides a rich corpus for the study of humor in pragmatics. Starting from the characteristics of pragmatic presupposition, this paper selects the text from “The Big Bang Theory” for search and finds that pragmatic presupposition plays an important role in the generation of verbal humor in “The Big Bang Theory”. Specially, people achieve humorous effects by violating the mutual knowledge and appropriateness of pragmatic presupposition, or making use of defeasibility and additivity of pragmatic presupposition.