极性程度评价义构式“别太X”的探究

An Investigation of the Meaning of “Bietai X” Construction for Polarity Degree Evaluation

现代汉语中有否定形式“别太X”,原本“别太X1”表示禁止、劝诫之意,与结构表面之意相符。随着汉语的广泛使用和发展,延伸出了一种新的构式“别太X2”,构式内部结构与元形式一致,但语义完全相反,表示极性程度的评价慨叹。在句法特征上,该构式可以作补语、谓语、定语和状语等。在语义特征上,该构式可以表示超预期的夸张评价,也可以暗示事件的已然性。在语用特征上,该构式有突出焦点和依赖语境的特点。

In modern Chinese, there is a negative form of “Bietai X”, the original “Bietai X1” indicates the meaning of prohibition and exhortation, which is consistent with the meaning of the structure surface. With the extensive use and development of Chinese, a new construction “Bietai X2” has been extended, the internal structure of the construction is consistent with the meta-form, but the semantics are completely opposite, indicating the evaluation of the degree of polarity. In terms of syntactic features, the construction can be used as complement, predicate, attribute and adverbial. In terms of semantic features, the construction can indicate the overestimation of the expected exaggerated evaluation, but also can imply the event already. In terms of pragmatic features, the construction has the characteristics of focusing and context-dependent.