三个平面理论下的“怎么这么/那么X”

“How So/So X” in the Theory of Three Planes

“怎么这么/那么X”是现代汉语口语中较为常见的语言形式,在互动语境中,“怎么这么/那么X”表示说话者对事件某个方面的主观评价,同时表达说话者的立场态度。这种评价带有主观性、程度高、超预期和负面性的特征。本文采用文学作品语料和BCC语料库语料,将表达主观评价的“怎么这么/那么X”视作广义构式,从句法特征、语义特征和语用特征三个平面对其展开研究。本文的分析不仅具有理论分析上的优势,同时在语料分析方面具有较大的解释力,对现代汉语的勾式语法研究具有重要的价值意义。

“How so/So X” is a common language form in modern spoken Chinese. In the interactive context, “How so/So X” indicates the speaker’s subjective evaluation of a certain aspect of the event, and at the same time expresses the speaker’s stance and attitude. This kind of evaluation is characterized by subjectivity, high degree, exceeding expectation and negative. Using the corpus of literary works and the BCC corpus, this paper regards “How so/So X”, which expresses subjective evaluation, as a generalized construction, and studies it from three aspects: syntactic, semantic and pragmatic features. The analysis of this paper not only has the advantages of theoretical analysis, but also has great explanatory power in corpus analysis, which is of great value to the study of modern Chinese checkmark grammar.