演讲中的批评话语分析——以Sundar Pichai致2020届毕业生的线上演讲为例

Analysis of Critical Discourse in Speeches—Taking Sundar Pichai’s Online Speech to the Graduating Class of 2020 as an Example

批评话语分析是从语篇的角度揭示语言是如何源于并服务社会和权力的,为语言和语篇研究提供了一个新的方法和视野,主张从语言、语篇或符号学的角度来理解和解释社会现实。文章以批评话语分析为理论依据,以谷歌首席执行官Sundar Pichai致2020届毕业生的线上演讲为语料,通过定量和定性相结合的研究方法分析该语篇中及物系统、情态系统和人称系统这三个方面的使用情况,旨在探讨这三个系统在演讲语篇分析中的功能及其带给听众的积极意义,以期帮助读者更好地把握语篇的特点和演讲者的意图,并对批评话语分析这一语言理论有更深层次的理解和掌握。Critical discourse analysis reveals from the perspective of discourse how language originates from and serves society and power, providing a new method and perspective for language and discourse research. It advocates understanding and interpreting social reality from the perspectives of language, discourse, or semiotics. This article is based on the theory of critical discourse analysis, using Google CEO Sundar Pichai’s online speech to the graduating class of 2020 as the corpus. Through a combination of quantitative and qualitative research methods, it analyzes the use of the transitive system, modal system, and personal system in the discourse, aiming to explore the functions of these three systems in speech discourse analysis and their positive significance to the audience, in order to help readers better grasp the characteristics of the discourse and the speaker’s intentions, and to have a deeper understanding and mastery of the language theory of critical discourse analysis.