网络新词中的隐喻探究——以“狗”类词汇为例

A Study of Metaphor in Network Neologisms—Taking “Dog” Vocabulary as an Example

时代的飞速变化和发展刺激着网络新词的诞生。“狗”类词汇进入网络后,“狗”字的实际意义被虚化,多围绕卑微、弱小、流落街头的文化意义产生隐喻用法。本文基于BCC语料库(北京语言大学语料库中心——BLCU Corpus Center,简称BCC语料库),将研究视角聚焦于新出现的“狗”类词汇,选取典型的新词分析背后的隐喻现象,发现在“狗”字语义的外延过程中体现了始源域向目标域的映射,在网络语言空间中“狗”本身的语义得到延伸与扩展。对“狗”类词汇隐喻认知路径的探索有助于深刻了解网络新词中的隐喻语言,便于人们更好地使用网络用语,在语义变化过程中揭示认知过程的发展变化。The rapid changes and developments of the times are stimulating the birth of new online words. After the entry of “dog” vocabulary into the internet, the actual meaning of the word “dog” is blurred, and metaphorical usage often revolves around the cultural meanings of being humble, weak, and wandering on the streets. This article is based on the BCC corpus, focusing on the newly emerging “dog” vocabulary and selecting typical new words to analyze the metaphorical phenomena behind them. It is found that the semantic extension of the word “dog” reflects the mapping from the source domain to the target domain, and the semantics of “dog” itself are extended and expanded in the online language space. Exploring the metaphorical cognitive pathways of “dog” vocabulary can help to gain a deeper understanding of metaphorical language in internet neologisms, facilitate people’s better use of internet language, and reveal the development and changes of cognitive processes during semantic changes.