从教练到领导:体育团队中教练型领导的胜任特征模型研究

From Coach to Leader: Research on the Competency Model of Coaching Leadership in Sports Teams

教练型领导风格被视作一种能够有效提高企业绩效和员工发展的领导风格。然而,有关教练型领导的真实内涵却缺乏足够的探索。在体育运动商业化和准企业化的进程中,体育团队与企业中的工作团队在管理运作模式上具有较高的相似性。由此,本文追本溯源,以现代团队体育运动中教练的领导行为为研究对象,通过采用案例研究和文本分析的方法,构建起体育团队中教练型领导的胜任特征模型,共包括整合团队成员、鼓舞团队士气、塑造协作文化、提升团队成员和适时调整变革五项核心胜任特征。

Coaching leadership has been well shown to be an effective leadership style in improving company performance and employee development. However, we know little about the distinctive charac-teristics of coaching leadership. It is noted that sport teams, such as football and basketball, are getting more and more similar to work teams in business companies. Given the similarities in running and managing sport and work teams, this paper examines the leadership behaviors of sport teams’ coaches. Furthermore, we develop a competency model of coaching leadership in sports teams based on case studies and text analyses. This model contains five core competency characteristics: team member integration, encouraging team morale, shaping collaborative culture, enhancing team members, and adjusting and changing timely.