污染源普查质量保障方法体系构建

Construction of Quality Assurance Method System for National Survey of Pollution Sources

为确保污染源普查质量,本文从技术环节、组织环节及社会环节梳理了我国污染源普查质量管理中存在的主要问题,提出构建污染源普查质量全过程保障方法体系,采用优化污染源普查名录库建库方法、污染源普查报表设计、污染源普查组织,基于代码规则、实地抽查、数据一致性检验及行政纪录审核等方法开展污染源普查质量控制,该方法体系覆盖普查调查制度设计、普查过程控制、事后质量评估三个层次,可有效控制污染源普查数据误差的形成。

In order to ensure the quality of pollution source census, this paper sorts out the main problems in the quality management of pollution source census in China from the technical, organizational and social links, proposes the establishment of a comprehensive process guarantee method system for pollution source census quality, adopts the method of optimizing pollution source census inventory database construction, pollution source census report design and pollution source census organization, and carries out pollution source census quality control based on code rules, spot checks, data consistency inspection and administrative record review, etc. This method system covers three levels of census survey system design, census process control, and ex post quality as-sessment, which can effectively control the formation of errors in pollution source census data.