农村居家养老服务供求现状及影响因素分析

Analysis on the Supply and Demand Status and Influencing Factors of Rural Home-Based Elderly Care Services

本文利用“中国老年健康影响因素跟踪调查(CLHLS)”的农村老年人数据,研究农村居家养老服务的供求现状,并对影响农村老年人居家养老服务需求的因素进行定量研究。研究显示:1) 农村居家养老服务存在供不应求的现象,且需求增速远大于供给,供需矛盾突出。同时,农村居家养老服务需求满足率较低,供给效果不佳,居家养老服务发展不完善。2) 农村老年人对居家养老服务的需求主要受老年人的经济水平、是否有社会保险、健康状况、行为限制、社交活动、与老年人同住人数等因素的影响。

This paper uses the data of the rural elderly in the “China Elderly Health Influencing Factors Tracking Survey (CLHLS)” to study the current supply and demand of rural home-based elderly care services, and conduct a quantitative study on the factors that affect the demand for home-based elderly care services for rural elderly. The research shows: 1) The supply of home-based elderly care services is in short supply, the growth rate of demand is much faster than the supply, and the contradiction between supply and demand is prominent. At the same time, the demand satisfaction rate of rural home-based elderly care services is low, the supply effect is not good, and the development of home-based elderly care services is not perfect. 2) The demand for rural home-based elderly care services is mainly affected by factors such as the economic level of the elderly, whether they have social insurance, health status, behavior restrictions, social activities, and the number of people living with the elderly.