北京市朝阳区2023年肠道门诊实验室生物安全管理现状研究

The Current Situation of Biosafety Management in Intestinal Outpatient Laboratories in Chaoyang District, Beijing in 2023

目的:调查北京市朝阳区2023年肠道门诊实验室生物安全管理现状,为促进肠道门诊实验室规范生物安全管理提供科学依据。方法:采用问卷调查和现场调查的方式对朝阳区10家肠道门诊实验室从基础布局建设、生物安全设备定期维护检定情况、实验活动的风险控制、应急处置、人员管理等方面进行调查。对数据进行描述性分析。结果:朝阳区肠道门诊实验室均独立于其他区域,实验室面积在4 m2~50 m2之间。生物安全柜每年进行检测,有3家单位能对生物安全柜的检定结果进行确认。所有实验室均对紫外灯进行照度监测,对压力蒸汽灭菌器采用化学法和生物法进行灭菌效果检测。实验室人员个人防护满足肠道门诊检测要求,其中7个实验室采用二级防护。玻片均放入利器盒中处理,对实验室采用含氯消毒剂消毒。实验室每年进行应急演练,其中溢洒演练开展比例最多(占80%)。二氧化碳灭火器配备率为90%。各实验室人员每年开展1次健康体检,均提供免疫接种机会。结论:朝阳区各肠道门诊实验室基础布局差异较大,在实验活动的风险控制、应急处置、人员管理等方面做得较好,实验室二氧化碳灭火器配备率高,新冠疫情后加强了检验人员的防护级别。今后需要加强生物安全柜的检定、紫外灯照度检测、消毒剂配置等方面的培训。

Objective: To investigate the current situation of biosafety management in intestinal outpatient laboratories in Chaoyang District of Beijing in 2023, so as to provide scientific basis for promoting standardization of biosafety management in intestinal outpatient laboratories. Method: By means of questionnaire investigation and field survey, 10 intestinal outpatient laboratories in Chaoyang District were investigated from the aspects of basic layout construction, regular maintenance and verification of biosafety equipment, risk control of experimental activities, emergency response, and personnel management, and the data were descriptively analyzed. Results: Ten intestinal outpatient laboratories in Chaoyang District were separated from the other areas with a laboratory foot-print of 4 m2~50 m2. The annual inspection of biosafety cabinets was carried out as planned, and three laboratories had the ability to confirm the verification results of biosafety cabinets. All laboratories carried out illumination monitoring of ultraviolet lamp, and the chemical and biological methods were used to evaluate the sterilization effect of the pressure steam sterilizer. The personal protective equipment met the requirements for intestinal outpatient detection with 7 laboratories adopting secondary protection. The slides used in the experiment were all put into sharps boxes, and all laboratories were disinfected with chlorine-containing disinfectants after each experiment. Emergency drills for laboratory personnel were conducted once a year, with spill drills the most (80%). Then 90% of carbon dioxide fire extinguishers were available. Each laboratory staff had access to the annual healthy physical examination entitlement and received vaccination. Conclusion: The basic layout varied greatly among the intestinal outpatient laboratories in Chaoyang District. It had done a good job in risk control, emergency disposal, personnel management and other aspects of experimental activities. The laboratories had a high equipping rate of carbon dioxide fire extinguishers, and the protection level of laboratory personnel had been improved after the COVID-19 epidemic. In the future, it is necessary to strengthen training on the calibration of biosafety cabinets, UV lamp illumination detection, and disinfectant configuration.