农村剩余劳动力转移的调查与思考——以郑州市为例

Investigation and Reflection on the Transfer of Rural Surplus Labor Force—Taking Zhengzhou City as an Example

全面推进乡村振兴、加快建设农业强国是党中央着眼全面建成社会主义现代化强国全局作出的战略部署。在“十四五”规划时期,就业是最大的民生,也是经济发展最基本的支撑。本文主要采用问卷调查法对郑州市农村剩余劳动力的现状进行调查,发现在城乡收入差距较大、农村剩余劳动力仍较多和相关保障制度还待完善的问题,该市农村剩余劳动力转移进度还有较大的提升空间。对此,本文针对调查过程中发现的问题,提出一系列应对措施:政府应发挥引领作用,完善农村社会保障管理体系,进行有序开发;应加大农村职业技能培训的力度,实现农民转移就业、脱贫致富;完善相关配套制度,统筹城乡发展,拓宽非农就业渠道,促进农业产业结构的转型与升级,进而加快农村剩余农村劳动力转移。

Comprehensively promoting rural revitalization and accelerating the construction of an agricultural power is a strategic deployment made by the CPC Central Committee with a view to the overall situation of building a modern socialist country in an all-round way. During the 14th Five-Year Plan period, employment is the greatest livelihood and the most basic support for economic development. This paper mainly uses the questionnaire survey method to investigate the current situation of rural surplus labor in Zhengzhou City, and finds that there is still a large room for improvement in the transfer progress of rural surplus labor force in Zhengzhou City due to the large income gap between urban and rural areas, the large number of rural surplus labor force and the need to improve the relevant security system. In this regard, this paper proposes a series of countermeasures to address the problems found in the investigation process: the government should play a leading role in improving the rural social security management system and carrying out orderly development. It is necessary to intensify vocational skills training in rural areas to realize the transfer of employment and poverty alleviation for farmers, improve relevant supporting systems, coordinate urban and rural development, broaden non-agricultural employment channels, promote the transformation and upgrading of the agricultural industrial structure, and then accelerate the transfer of surplus rural labor in rural areas.