扰流片对垂直轴风力机气动性能影响研究

The Influence of Spoiler on Aerodynamic Performance of Vertical Axis Wind Turbine

为使大型垂直轴风力机在超出额定风速时功率输出恒定,本文提出在叶片尾部安装扰流片作为风力机功率调节装置的方案。基于二维计算流体动力学方法,在超出额定风速下研究了扰流片对垂直轴风力机气动性能和垂直轴风力机主轴偏振的影响。研究结果表明:在超出额定风速时,扰流片增强了叶片尾部气体的流动分离,提高了叶片的阻力,显著降低了垂直轴风力机的功率系数和扭矩系数,从而维持风力机系统正常运行及功率恒定输出;扰流片的存在没有加重主轴的载荷力相反起到了减轻作用,有效的降低了主轴的偏振效应。

In order to make the power output of large vertical axis wind turbine constant in excess of rated wind speed, this paper proposes the scheme of installing spoiler at the tail of the blade as the power regulating device of the wind turbine. Based on the two-dimensional computational fluid dynamics method, the aerodynamic performance of the vertical axis wind turbine with spoiler and the vibration effect of the main shaft were investigated at the wind speed beyond the rated value. Results show that the spoiler enhances the gas flow separation at the tail of the blade and improves the blade resistance when the wind speed exceeds the rated wind speed. The installing of spoiler significantly reduces the power coefficient and torque coefficient of the vertical axis wind turbine, so as to protect the operation of the wind turbine system and maintain constant power output. The existence of the spoiler does not enhance the force of the main shaft, but alleviates the vibration effect of the main shaft effectively.