基于陶瓷复合材料的盘式制动器热力耦合仿真分析

Thermo-Mechanical Coupling Simulation Analysis of Disc Brake Based on Ceramic Composite Material

针对盘式制动器在制动过程中温度分布不均而产生过大热变形,甚至出现热疲劳裂纹、磨料脱落等问题,利用ANSYS Workbench平台建立SiCP/Al陶瓷复合材料盘式制动器热力耦合模型,探究了不同制动力和制动速度下制动盘温度、位移、应力的变化规律,并将计算结果与传统金属制动盘进行对比。结果表明:在额定速度下,随着制动压力的等量增加,温度及应力的最大值均随着制动压力的等量增加而非线性增加,位移沿径向方向呈现出先增大后减小的趋势;随着制动速度的增加,温度的差异明显增大,最大应力与位移均出现在制动盘与摩擦片接触处;与传统材料制动盘相比SiCP/Al陶瓷复合材料制动盘制动效果更加明显且制动性能更稳定。相关结果可为盘式制动器的安全运行和优化设计提供技术参考。

Aiming at the problems of excessive thermal deformation and even thermal fatigue cracks and abrasive shedding caused by uneven temperature distribution of disc brake during braking, the thermal coupling model of SiCP/Al ceramic composite disc brake is established by using the ANSYS Workbench platform, and the change laws of brake disc temperature, displacement and stress un-der different braking forces and braking speeds are investigated, and the calculated results are compared with those of traditional metal brake discs. The results show that at the rated speed, with the equal increase of the brake pressure, the maximum values of temperature and stress increase nonlinearly with the equal increase of the brake pressure, and the displacement first increases and then decreases along the radial direction;With the increase of braking speed, the temperature dif-ference increases significantly, and the maximum stress and displacement appear at the contact of brake disc and friction plate;Compared with traditional brake discs, SiCP/Al ceramic composite brake discs have more obvious braking effect and more stable braking performance. The relevant results can provide technical reference for the safe operation and optimal design of the disc brake.