纳米材料调控肿瘤相关巨噬细胞进行肿瘤免疫治疗的研究进展

Progress of Nanomaterials Regulating Tumor-Associated Macrophages for Tumor Immunotherapy

骨髓源巨噬细胞和组织常驻巨噬细胞,统称为肿瘤相关巨噬细胞(Tumor-Associated Macrophages, TAMs),存在于肿瘤微环境中,在肿瘤治疗方面备受关注。本文在阐明TAMs促肿瘤生长机制的基础上,总结了靶向TAMs的作用机制和治疗策略,重点介绍了纳米药物载体如何通过靶向调控TAMs进行肿瘤的免疫治疗。纳米药物载体主要通过阻断TAMs的存活或影响其信号级联、限制TAMs向肿瘤的募集以及逆转促肿瘤的M2型TAMs至抗肿瘤的M1型发挥抗肿瘤作用。以上内容显示纳米材料由于其特殊的物化性质,能够靶向TAMs,并通过多种途径调控TAMs,增强抗肿瘤免疫反应,具有非常好的免疫治疗的发展前景。

Macrophages derived from bone marrow and tissue resident macrophages, collectively referred to as tumor associated macrophages (TAMs), are present in the tumor microenvironment and have attracted considerable attention in the treatment of tumors. Based on the clarification of the mechanism of TAMs to promote tumor growth, this article summarizes the mechanism of action and treatment strategies of targeted TAMs and focuses on how nanomedicine carriers can target tumor immunotherapy through targeted TAMs regulation. Nanodrug carriers have an antitumor effect mainly by preventing the survival of TAMs or disrupting their signal cascades, reducing the recruitment of TAMs to tumors, and reversing the tumor promoting M2 type TAMs to the antitumor type M1. The above content shows that, due to their different physical and chemical properties, nanomaterials can target TAMs and regulate TAMs in a number of ways to enhance the antitumor immune response, which has very good prospects for growth in immunotherapy.