退役动力磷酸铁锂电池的回收工艺研究进展

Progress in Recycling Processes of Retired Power Lithium Iron Phosphate Batteries

近年来,为了加快“碳达峰”、“碳中和”的进程,减少碳排放,新能源汽车的产量和销量都呈现出持续爆发式增长的现象。然而,新能源汽车的心脏——动力电池的寿命有限,这就意味着大量的动力电池将会接连进入退役状态,如何对其进行高效的回收再利用已成为各界所关注的问题。本文对退役磷酸铁锂电池的正极材料的回收工艺进行了总结,包括火法回收、湿法回收、修复再生以及其他新型回收工艺,并在此基础上阐述了电化学法回收工艺的优越性,其有望成为未来研究的重点方向。

In recent years, in order to accelerate the process of “carbon peaking” and “carbon neutrality” and reduce carbon emissions, the production and sales of new energy vehicles have shown a continuous explosive growth. However, the heart of new energy vehicles-power batteries have a limited life span, which means that a large number of power batteries will enter into retirement one after another. How to recycle them efficiently has become a concern for all walks of life. This paper summarizes the recycling processes of the cathode material of retired lithium iron phosphate batteries, including pyrometallurgy, hydrometallurgy, regeneration, as well as other new recycling processes. On this basis, the superiority of the electrochemical recovery process is described, and this method is expected to become a key direction for future research.