三维集流体实现无枝晶锂金属负极

3D Current Collectors Realizing Dendrite-Free Lithium Metal Anode

近年来,随着锂空气电池和锂硫电池的快速发展,具有高能量密度的锂金属电池再次受到动力电池研究人员的广泛关注。但是,在电池的循环过程中,锂金属负极存在锂枝晶、体积膨胀以及剧烈的副反应,这会导致电池充放电效率的降低并使得电池存在安全隐患。为了获得稳定的锂金属负极,提出了各种改性策略,例如,电解质添加剂、隔膜改性、人工SEI膜和3D集流体等。其中,集流体的改性直接影响着负极表面结构,并且3D集流体所具有的大的比表面积可以有效地降低局部电流密度,诱导锂的均匀成核与沉积。本文综述了3D集流体改性中具有指导意义的部分研究,旨在为进一步的3D集流体的设计提供参考。

In recent years, with the rapid development of lithium-air batteries and lithium-sulfur batteries, lithium-metal batteries with high energy density have once again received extensive attention from power battery researchers. However, during the cycling process of the battery, the lithium metal anode is prone to dendrite formation, volume expansion, and intense side reactions, which can lead to a decrease in the efficiency of charge-discharge cycles and pose safety risks for the battery. To obtain a stable lithium metal anode, various modification strategies have been proposed, such as electrolyte additives, diaphragm modification, artificial SEI, and 3D current collectors. Among them, the modification of the collector directly affects the surface structure of the anode, and the large specific surface area of the 3D current collectors can effectively reduce the local current density and induce the uniform nucleation and deposition of lithium. In this paper, we review some of the instructive research in the modification of 3D collectors, aiming to provide reference for further design 3D collectors.