陕西省某贫困县农村居民口腔健康现状分析

Epidemiological Investigation on Oral Health Status of Rural Residents in X County, Shaanxi Province

目的:了解陕西省某贫困县农村居民口腔健康状况及人们对口腔保健知识的知晓程度,调查当地农村居民龋病、牙周病的发病情况,并以此为依据指导该地区农村居民的口腔预防保健工作。方法:根据《第四次全国口腔健康流行病学调查报告》的调查方法,采用抽样调查的方式进行,调查对象分为35~44岁、45~54岁、55~64岁和65~74岁4个年龄段,按性别分组,总样本量为1258人,调查内容分为口腔健康状况调查和口腔健康问卷调查,龋病以患龋率和龋均数,牙周病以牙龈出血、牙结石和牙周袋的检出率作为统计指标。结果:总患龋率为92.2%,受检者龋均为7.87颗,牙龈出血检出率为88.8%,牙结石检出率为96.5%,全口无牙率为2.5%,义齿修复率为29.8%。结论:患龋率、牙龈出血和牙石检出率和全口无牙率均高于第四次全国口腔健康流行病学抽样调查结果,失牙率高、义齿修复率也较高,应加强农村居民口腔健康防治工作,改善农村居民口腔医疗条件。

Purpose: To understand the oralhealth status of rural residents in X County, Shaanxi Province and theirknowledge of oral health care, and to investigate the incidence of dentalcaries and periodontal disease among rural residents in X County, ShaanxiProvince, and take this as a basis to guide the oral prevention and health careof rural residents in this area. Method: According to the survey method of thefourth National Epidemiological Survey of Oral Health, the subjects weredivided into four age groups: 35~44, 45~54, 55~64 and 65~74. The total samplesize was 1258. The survey was divided into oral health status survey and oralhealth questionnaire survey. The detection rate of gingival bleeding, dentalcalculus and periodontal pocket was used as statistical index of periodontaldisease. Result: The total incidence rate of dental caries was 92.2%, thenumber of caries examined was 7.87, the detection rate of gingival bleeding was88.8%, the detection rate of dental calculi was 96.5%, the edentulous rate was2.5%, and the restoration rate of denture was 29.8%. Conclusion: The incidenceof dental caries, gingival bleeding, the detection rate of dental calculus andthe total edentulous rate were higher than those of the fourth National OralHealth Epidemiological sampling Survey, the tooth loss rate was high and therestoration rate of denture was also high. The prevention and treatment of oralhealth of rural residents should be strengthened, improving the oral medicalconditions of rural residents.