山东省本科生心理韧性与健康危险行为的关系:应对倾向的中介作用

The Relationship between Psychological Resilience and Health-Risk Behaviors among Undergraduates in Shandong Province: The Mediating Effect of Coping Mode

目的:了解本科生心理韧性、健康危险行为(吸烟、网络成瘾、缺乏运动及心理障碍倾向)现状及影响因素,分析心理韧性和健康危险行为的关联,探究应对倾向在两者之间的中介效应。方法:采用方便抽样法,从山东省各高校抽取462名本科生。使用一般资料问卷、青少年心理韧性量表、简易应对方式量表等进行调查,并对结果进行统计分析。结果:本科生心理韧性总分为(95.70 ±14.00)分,吸烟者71人(15.4%),网络成瘾者61人(13.2%),缺乏运动者166人(35.9%),存在心理障碍者29人(6.3%)。是否吸烟、网络成瘾、缺乏运动、心理障碍倾向的本科生心理韧性得分存在显著差异。消极应对倾向是缺乏运动、网络成瘾、心理障碍的共性促进因素。应对倾向在心理韧性与健康危险行为之间发挥部分中介作用,中介效应占总效应的40.83%。结论:心理韧性可直接影响健康危险行为,还可通过应对倾向间接影响健康危险行为。高校可通过提高本科生的心理韧性、积极应对方式的途径预防或减少本科生不良健康行为,促进其身心健康。

Objective: To explore the status of psychological resilience and health-related behaviors (i.e., smoking, internet addiction, exercise and sedentary behavior, mental disorder tendency) among college students, analyze the relationship between psychological resilience and health-related behaviors, and explore the mediating effect of coping mode. Methods: The convenience sampling method was used to recruit 500 college students from four comprehensive universities. The general information questionnaire, adolescent psycho-logical resilience scale, and simplified coping style questionnaire were used for survey. Results: The total score of psychological resilience was 95.70 ±14.00. Among the students, there were 71 smok-ers (15.4%) and 61 internet addicts (13.2%). 166 students reported lack of exercise (35.9%) and 29 students had mental disorder (6.3%). The psychological resilience sore differed between stu-dents who smoked, had internet addiction, lack of exercise, mental disorder or not. Logistic regres-sion analysis showed that negative coping mode was the common facilitating factor of lack of exer-cise, internet addiction and mental disorder. Coping mode played a partial mediating effect in the relationship between psychological resilience and health-risk behaviors, with a mediating rate of 40.83%. Conclusion: Psychological resilience can not only affect health-risk behaviors directly, but also indirectly influence health-risk behaviors through coping mode. Staff in colleges and universi-ties can apply effective measures to improve psychological resilience and positive coping style to prevent or reduce health-risk behaviors among undergraduates.