社区老年人康养服务需求现状及其影响因素分析

Analysis on the Present Situation and Influencing Factors of Health Care Service for the Elderly in Community

目的:了解社区老年人康养服务需求现状并分析其影响因素,为满足社区老年人康养服务需求提供参考依据,同时对开展社区康养服务工作具有重要的指导意义。方法:采用自行设计的问卷,于2020年7~8月对我国25个省的942名社区老年人进行问卷调查。结果:社区老年人康养服务需求总分为(23.75 ± 10.02)分,医疗照护类维度的条目得分排在靠前,而其中定期开展体检的服务需求排名第一。多元线性回归分析显示,年龄、职业、患慢性病种类、养老方式和自理能力是社区老年人康养服务需求的主要影响因素。结论:社区老年人康养服务需求总体较高,应建立系统完善的康养服务体系,提供精准化康养服务,提高社区康养团队的综合专业素质,从而满足老年人的健康养老服务需求,促进老年人身心健康,实现健康老龄化。

Objective: Tounderstand the current situation of the demand for community health care services for the elderly and analyze its influencing factors, in order to provide a reference basis for meeting the needs of community health care services for the elderly, and has important guiding significance for the development of community health care services. Methods: Using a self-designed questionnaire, a questionnaire survey was conducted among 942 community elderly from 25 provinces in China from July to August 2020. Results: The total score of health care service for the elderly in the community was (23.75 ± 10.02). The score of the items in the dimension of medical care was in the top place, and the service demand of regular physical examination ranked first. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that age, occupation, types of chronic diseases, mode of providing for the aged and self-care ability were the main factors affecting the demand for health care services for the elderly in the community. Conclusion: The de-mand for health care services for the elderly in the community is generally high, so we should es-tablish a systematic and perfect health care service system, provide accurate health care services, and improve the professional and comprehensive quality of the community health care team, so as to meet the needs of health care services for the elderly, promote the physical and mental health of the elderly, and achieve healthy aging.