非侵入性检查诊断非酒精性脂肪性肝病研究进展

Non-Invasive Examination toDiagnose Non-Alcoholic Fatty LiverDisease (NAFLD): An Update

非酒精性脂肪性肝病(Non-Alcoholic Fatter Liver Disease, NAFLD)在全球的发病率约为25%,是肝硬化和肝癌的主要病因,其亚型——非酒精性脂肪性肝炎(Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis, NASH),可进一步发展至晚期肝纤维化、肝硬化、肝细胞癌,并增加肝相关疾病的发病率和死亡率。因此,NAFLD患者的关键问题是早期识别非酒精性脂肪性肝炎。到目前为止,病理学检查仍然是诊断肝损伤的“金标准”,但它是一种侵入性操作,具有操作风险高、成本高、可接受性差等缺点,无法广泛应用于临床,故非侵入性评估越来越受到关注。在这篇综述中,我们对无创评估的工具及方法进行总结,希望可以将这些无创工具应用于临床实践。

The prevalence of NAFLD was approximately 25% wordwide, which has been the major cause ofcirrhosis and liver cancer. Its subtype, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) can progress to advancedliver fibrosis, cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, and increase the liver-related diseases’incidence and mortality. Therefore, early identification of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis is the keyissue for NAFLD patients. Histopathological sampling is the gold standard for the diagnosis of liverinjury, but it is an invasive operation, with high operational risk, high cost, poor acceptabilityways. As a result, it cannot be used widely and non-invasive evaluation was attracted more andmore attention. In this review, we summarize non-invasive assessment methods, hoping to applythese non-invasive tools to clinical practice.