肿瘤科护士对晚期恶性肿瘤病人安宁疗护感受和经验的质性研究

A Qualitative Study on the Feeling and Experience of Hospice Care for Patients with Advanced Malignant Tumor by Oncology Nurses

目的:为了解贵阳市某三甲医院肿瘤科护理人员对晚期恶性肿瘤病人安宁疗护的真实体验,以更好地为患者提供能满足个体需求的、有针对性的安宁疗护方案,为提高生命质量提供参考。方法:于2024年1月~2024年2月对贵阳市某三甲医院肿瘤科护士进行半结构式访谈,运用Colaizzi资料分析法对资料进行整理、分析并提炼主题。结果:提炼出4个主题,晚期恶性肿瘤病人的需求、医患沟通困难、安宁疗护的介入时机、安宁疗护的提升及培养。结论:肿瘤科护士对于安宁疗护认知和处理能力方面尚存在不足。应尽快规范完善安宁疗护多学科队伍,建立专业系统培训,针对护士对于患者心理支持、沟通能力以及安宁疗护介入时机等方面的不足解决实际问题,从而提升安宁疗护的实践效果,使患者和家属获益。

Objective: To understand the real experience of nursing staff in oncology department of a 3A hospital in Guiyang on hospice care for patients with advanced malignant tumor, and to provide a reference for patients to better meet individual needs and provide targeted hospice care programs to improve their lives. Methods: From January 2024 to February 2024, a semi-structured interview was conducted with nurses in the oncology department of a Grade A hospital in Guiyang. Colaizzi data method was used to sort out and analyze the data and refine the theme. Results: Four themes were extracted: the needs of patients with advanced malignant tumor, the difficulty of communication between doctors and patients, the intervention opportunity of hospice care, and the promotion and cultivation of hospice care. Conclusion: Nurses in oncology department still have some deficiencies in their cognition and management ability of hospice care. It is necessary to standardize and improve the multidisciplinary team of hospice care as soon as possible, establish professional systematic training, and solve practical problems according to the deficiencies of nurses in psychological support, communication ability and intervention time of hospice care, so as to improve the practical effect of hospice care and benefit patients and their families.