太极拳改善帕金森病患者平衡功能及害怕跌倒心理障碍的研究进展

Research Progress on Tai Chi Improving Balance Function and Fear of Falling Psychological Disorders in Parkinson’s Disease Patients

中国老龄化程度逐年加重,帕金森病患病率也逐年增多。目前针对帕金森病的非药物治疗的运动疗法主要有康复训练、常规物理干预、太极拳、舞蹈疗法和跑步机训练等。其中,太极拳是一类侧重身体协调平衡、刚柔相济、动作连贯的体育运动。帕金森病患者的太极拳训练主要以改善平衡功能为主。而平衡力是产生害怕跌倒(Fear of Falling, FOF)关键因素之一,有跌倒史的患者相较于无跌倒史的帕金森病患者更容易产生害怕跌倒的心理。FOF不仅会影响患者的日常生活能力,还可能使患者出现心理上的障碍。文章简要回顾太极拳的起源与在帕金森病中的应用,重点介绍其在帕金森病患者平衡功能和害怕跌倒方面的应用及其疗效。

The aging population in China is increasing year by year, and the incidence of Parkinson’s disease is also increasing year by year. At present, non pharmacological exercise therapy for Parkinson’s disease mainly includes rehabilitation training, routine physical intervention, Tai Chi, dance therapy, and treadmill training. Among them, Tai Chi is a type of sports that focuses on body coordination and balance, balance between rigidity and flexibility, and coherent movements. Tai Chi training for Parkinson’s disease patients mainly focuses on improving balance function. Balance is one of the key factors that contribute to the fear of falling (FOF), and patients with a history of falls are more likely to develop a fear of falling compared to Parkinson’s disease patients without a history of falls. FOF not only affects the daily living ability of patients, but may also cause psychological disorders. The article briefly reviews the origin and application of Tai Chi in Parkinson’s disease, with a focus on its application and therapeutic effects in balance function and fear of falling in Parkinson’s disease patients.