云纹石斑鱼、七带石斑鱼及杂交F1肌肉营养成分分析

Analysis of Nutritional Composition in Muscles of Epinephelus moara, Epinephelus septemfasciatus and Their Hybrid F1

为确定并比较云纹石斑鱼(Epinephelus moara)、七带石斑鱼(Epinephelus septemfasciatus)及其云纹石斑鱼(Epinephelus moara)♀ ×七带石斑鱼(Epinephelus septemfasciatus)♂杂交F1的营养成分及差异,对3种石斑鱼的6月龄幼鱼进行肌肉营养成分、氨基酸、脂肪酸、矿物质和微量元素的组成及含量分析。结果表明,七带石斑鱼粗蛋白(17.40%)和粗脂肪(5.40%)含量最高,杂交F1水分(77.00%)含量最高;七带石斑鱼肌肉中总氨基酸(13.11%)含量、必须氨基酸(4.88%)含量以及鲜味氨基酸(4.13%)含量均最高,并且比例最为适宜;3种石斑鱼多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)与饱和脂肪酸(SFA)比例均符合理想脂肪酸的标准,其中杂交F1的多不饱和脂肪酸(33.50%)含量最高,并且EPA和DHA(16.13%)含量最高,七带石斑鱼的单不饱和脂肪酸(36.23%)含量最高;七带石斑鱼的铜、钙、钾、磷、镁含量最高,杂交F1的铁、钠含量最高,云纹石斑鱼锌含量最高。研究表明,3种石斑鱼中,七带石斑鱼是最为优质的蛋白源,杂交F1和七带石斑鱼中不饱和脂肪酸含量高,杂交F1多不饱和脂肪酸含量具有明显优势,具有较高的营养和经济价值。

In order to determine and compare the nutritional composition and differences in Epinephelus moara, Epinephelus septemfasciatus and their hybrids F1, nutrients, amino acids, fatty acids, min-erals and trace element were analyzed in muscle of three kinds of grouper which were 6-month- old. The results showed that the contents of crude protein (17.40%) and fat (5.40%) in Epinephelus septemfasciatus were the highest in this three kinds of grouper, and the contents of moisture (77.00%) in hybrids F1 was the highest;the contents of total amino acids (13.11%), essential amino acids (4.88%) and delicious amino acids (4.13%) levels in muscle of E. septemfasciatus were highest, and the proportion was most appropriate;the ratio of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and saturated fatty acid (SFA) were all ideal fatty acid of three kinds of grouper;the contents of polyunsaturated fatty acids (33.50%), EPA and DHA (16.13%) were the highest in hybrids F1;the contents of monounsaturated fatty acids (36.23%) was the highest in E. septemfasciatus;the con-tents of copper, calcium, potassium, phosphorus, magnesium were highest in E. septemfasciatus, and the contents of iron sodium were highest in hybrid F1;the contents of zinc were highest in E. moara. The research showed that these three kinds of grouper all had a high nutritional value;E. septemfasciatus was the most high-quality protein source;the hybrid F1 and E. septemfasciatus had a high nutritional and economic value.