比较法视野下的消费者公益诉讼制度

Public Interest Litigation System from the Perspective of Comparative Law

2018年3月2日施行的《最高人民法院最高人民检察院关于检察公益诉讼案件适用法律若干问题的解释》对我国在2012年确立的以消费者团体为诉讼主体的消费者公益诉讼制度进行了完善。由于实体法的相关规定过于单一,再加上程序法方面没有对其保障不够完善,我国的消费者团体公益诉讼制度在实践中不能发挥其应有的作用,因而不能全面的维护消费者权益。本文在分析我国消费者公益诉讼的现状的基础上,结合其他各国关于消费者公益诉讼的理论与实践经验,在吸收和借鉴域外经验的基础上探讨我国消费者公益诉讼的完善。

The Interpretation of the Supreme People’s Court and the Supreme People’s Procuratorate on sev-eral issues concerning the application of laws in procuratorial public interest litigation cases, which came into effect on March 2, 2018, improved the consumer public interest litigation system estab-lished in 2012 with consumer groups as the subject of litigation. Due to the singularity of the rele-vant provisions of the substantive law and the inadequate protection of procedural law, China’s consumer group public interest litigation system cannot play its due role in practice, and therefore cannot fully protect consumer rights. Based on the analysis of the current situation of consumer public interest litigation in China, this article explores the improvement of consumer public interest litigation in China on the basis of absorbing and drawing on foreign experience in combination with theories and practical experiences of consumer public interest litigation in other countries.