检察民事公益诉讼制度研究

Research on the System of Public Interest Litigation Brought by the Procuratorate

我国于2012年通过《中华人民共和国民事诉讼法》的修改将民事检察公益诉讼制度正式纳入了民事诉讼体系,并在2017年的《民事诉讼法》中正式将民事公益诉讼的诉权赋予了检察机关,至此检察民事公益诉讼制度成为保护我国社会公共利益的一道重要防线。但是,目前立法对检察机关在公益诉讼中的角色定位和具备的调查取证权都缺少明确规定。本文在肯定我国民事检察公益诉讼制度的基础上对存在的问题进行梳理,同时借鉴域外相关经验提出完善建议,以期促进检察民事公益诉讼制度在我国的发展。

In 2012, China formally incorporated the public interest litigation brought by the procuratorate into the civil litigation system by amending the Civil Procedure Law. Since then, the public interest litigation system has become an important line of defense to protect social and public interests. However, the scope of public interest litigation brought by the procuratorate in China is too narrow, and the role of the procuratorate is not clear. Based on affirming the public interest litigation brought by the procuratorate in China, this paper sorts out the existing problems and puts forward suggestions for improvement by referring to relevant experience abroad, to promote the development of the public interest litigation system in China.