行政公益诉讼原告资格多元化研究

A Study on the Diversification of Plaintiff Qualifications in Administrative Public Interest Litigation

我国当前立法只授权检察机关可以提起行政公益诉讼,毫无疑问,该种立法模式填补了行政公益诉讼中诉讼主体的缺位、国家和社会公共利益遭受侵害而得不到救济的局面。同时在加强检察机关的法律监督效力、监督政府机关依法行政以及完善行政诉讼结构等方面也发挥了重要作用。但此种一元化原告资格模式在实践中仍存在一些问题,那么能否单独依靠检察机关提起行政公益诉讼,承担起维护国家和社会公共利益的重任以及是否有必要适当扩大原告资格就成为当前值得我们思考的一个重要问题。本文拟通过对公民、其他社会组织可能提起行政公益诉讼的必要性以及可行性进行分析与讨论,提出适当拓宽行政公益诉讼原告资格的设想,并对原告资格放宽后应注意的问题进行分析讨论,以期完善行政公益诉讼原告资格制度,全面保护国家和社会公共利益。

Our country’s current legislation only authorizes procuratorial organs to initiate administrative public interest lawsuits. Undoubtedly, this legislative model fills the vacancy of litigation subjects in administrative public interest lawsuits, and the situation that the state and social public interests are violated and cannot be relieved. At the same time, it has also played an important role in strengthening the legal supervision effectiveness of the procuratorial organs, supervising the administration of government organs in accordance with the law, and improving the structure of administrative litigation. However, there are still some problems in this unified plaintiff qualification model in practice, so whether we can rely solely on the procuratorial organ to initiate administrative public interest litigation, undertake the important task of safeguarding the national and social public interests, and whether it is necessary to appropriately expand the plaintiff qualifications is an important question for us to think about at present. In order to improve the qualification system of administrative public interest litigation plaintiffs, and comprehensively protect the national and social public interests, this article intends to analyze and discuss the necessity and feasibility of cit-izens and other social organizations that may bring administrative public interest litigation, proposes an idea of appropriately broadening the qualifications of administrative public interest litigation plaintiffs, and analyzes and discusses the issues that should be paid attention to after the qualification of plaintiffs is relaxed.