金融犯罪立法“重刑化”问题研究及应对策略——以《刑法修正案(十一)》为切入口

Research and Coping Strategies of “Heavy Punishment” in Financial Crime Legislation—Taking the Amendment (XI) to the Criminal Law of the People’s Republic of China as the Entry Point

《刑法修正案(十一)》的颁布,高空抛物、妨害安全驾驶等行为的入刑标志着“轻罪立法”时代已然到来,轻微罪已成为我国刑事领域最主要的治理对象。基于对于人权的重视和保障,未来轻罪立法仍然是我国刑事立法的必然趋势和理性选择。但是,金融犯罪立法的修订在《刑法修正案(十一)》中却呈“逆行”态势倾向于重刑化趋势发展。本文认为主要表现于以下几个方面:一提高了部分金融犯罪最高法定刑标准;二取消了罚金限制范围,设定了无限罚金刑;三部分经济犯罪帮助行为正犯化;四证券罪名适用范围不当扩张。一直以来,我国以“抑制”模式管控金融市场,对金融犯罪施以重刑罚就是其具体化表现,此举不仅违背我国“宽严相济”刑事政策,甚至会抑制相关企业改革创新的步伐。所以本文就以此问题为研究对象提出相应的应对措施。

The promulgation of the Amendment to the Criminal Law (11), including the punishment of throwing objects from high altitude and obstructing safe driving, marks the arrival of the era of “misdemeanor legislation”, Minor crime has gradually become the most important governance object in China’s criminal field. Based on the attention and protection of human rights, the petty crime legis-lation, in the future, is still the inevitable trend and rational choice of China’s criminal legislation. However, the amendment of financial crimes tends to develop the trend of heavy punishment in the Amendment (XI) to the Criminal Law of the People’s Republic of China. This paper thinks that the main performance in the following aspects: first, the maximum statutory penalty standard for some financial crimes is raised;second, the scope of fines is lifted and unlimited fines are set;third, individual economic crimes are being committed;fourth, the scope of securities crimes is improperly expanded. For a long time, the financial market is mainly controlled by the state, and the heavy punishment for financial crimes is a typical example. This approach not only violates China’s criminal policy, but will even restrain the pace of reform and innovation of related enterprises. Therefore, this paper puts forward the corresponding countermeasures for this problem as the research object.