民事诉讼中电子证据真实性认定研究

Study on the Determination of Authenticity of Electronic Evidence in Civil Litigation

电子证据的真实性认定就是对电子证据是否伪造和虚假进行认定的过程。但由于电子证据的虚拟性、隐蔽性和易篡改等特性,以及目前存在对电子证据的真实性认定规则过于简单、缺乏明确的操作指引、并未建立起完整的认证规则等问题,使得司法实践中实务人员在对电子证据的真实性认定方面存在很大困难,导致电子证据的采用率普遍较低。由此,本文以电子证据的真实性认定为切入点,对电子证据真实性认定的内涵及其必要性等内容进行分析,认为目前电子证据真实性认定中主要存在电子证据真实性认定规则不完善、证明流程不规范、现有技术的缺陷和标准不统一等问题,进而从规范、流程和技术三个层面提出对策建议,以期为我国构建电子证据真实性认定规则体系提供一定的理论支撑。

The authenticity determination of electronic evidence is the process of determining whether the electronic evidence is forged or false. However, due to the virtual nature of electronic evidence, concealment and easy to tamper and other characteristics, as well as the existence of electronic evidence of the authenticity of the rules are too simple, the lack of clear operational guidelines, without establishing a complete authentication rules and other issues, makes the judicial practice in practice in the authenticity of electronic evidence is very difficult to determine, resulting in the adoption rate of electronic evidence is generally low. Thus, this paper to the authenticity of electronic evidence as the starting point, the connotation of the authenticity of electronic evidence and its necessity to analyze the current electronic evidence authenticity of the main existence of elec-tronic evidence authenticity rules are not perfect, proof of the process is not standardized, the defects of the existing technology and standards are not uniform, and then from the specification, process and technology three levels to put forward countermeasure suggestions, in order to provide some theoretical support for China’s construction of electronic evidence authenticity rules system.