论南极视察的演进与中国的应对之策

On the Evolution of Antarctic Inspection and China’s Countermeasures

南极视察是《南极条约》首创的监督制度。本文结合南极条约秘书处官方数据,剖析南极视察报告,纵向比较不同时期南极视察的发展特点,横向比较中国与其他国家的南极视察差异。针对我国在南极视察领域视察次数稀少、视察区域集中、视察形式单一、视察对象单一的现状,提出国内和国际两个层面的完善建议。国内层面,推动国内南极立法,培养南极领域的专家人才;国际层面,增加南极视察的频率,尝试联合视察,扩大南极视察的区域范围。

Antarctic inspection is a supervisory system pioneered by the Antarctic Treaty. Based on the official data of the Antarctic Treaty Secretariat, this paper analyzes the Antarctic inspection reports, compares the development characteristics of Antarctic inspection in different periods vertically, and compares the differences between China and other countries in Antarctic inspection horizontally. According to the situation of rare inspection, concentrated inspection area, single inspection form and single inspection object in the field of Antarctic, the paper puts forward some suggestions to improve the inspection at the domestic and international levels. At the domestic level, promoting domestic legislation on Antarctica and training experts in the field of Antarctica. At the international level, increase the frequency of Antarctic inspections, try joint inspections, and expand the regional scope of Antarctic inspections.