绿色原则司法适用的困境与出路

The Dilemma and Solution of the Judicial Application of the Green Principle

《中华人民共和国民法典》(以下简称《民法典》)第九条规定的绿色原则是“民法回应环境问题的有效机制”,具有鲜明的时代特色。从2017年《民法总则》的出台到2021年《民法典》的实施,绿色原则在民事审判中已得到广泛适用,通过对绿色原则确立以来的大量裁判文书样本进行梳理和分析发现,绿色原则在民事审判中的适用主要存在“资源”的内涵界定模糊、论证说理不充分和适用规则错误等问题。为此须利用文义解释、体系解释及目的解释等法律解释方法界定绿色原则的内涵、统一绿色原则的适用标准、严格遵守绿色原则的适用条件,在绿色原则适用前提上须穷尽法律规则,在绿色原则适用目的上须为实现个案正义,在绿色原则适用过程中须充分论证说理。

The green principle stipulated in Article 9 of the Civil Code of the People’s Republic of China (hereinafter referred to as the Civil Code) is an effective mechanism for civil law to respond to environmental issues, with distinct characteristics of the times. From the introduction of the General Principles of Civil Law in 2017 to the implementation of the Civil Code in 2021, the green principle has been widely applied in civil trials. Through sorting out and analyzing a large number of samples of judicial documents since the establishment of the green principle, it has been found that the application of the green principle in civil trials mainly faces problems such as unclear definition of the connotation of “resources”, insufficient argumentation and reasoning, and incorrect application rules. For this reason, we must use legal interpretation methods such as literal interpretation, sys-tem interpretation and purpose interpretation to define the connotation of green principle, unify the applicable standards of green principle, and strictly abide by the applicable conditions of green principle. On the premise of the application of green principle, we must exhaust legal rules, and on the purpose of the application of green principle, we must achieve case justice, and fully demonstrate and reason in the process of the application of green principle.