拉兹权威理论再探——以《自由的道德》为中心

A Reexploration of Raz’s Authority Theory— Centered on The Morality of Freedom

权威问题是法哲学和政治哲学中的重要概念,证成权威的不同方式体现着不同的时代要求对法学理论召唤。拉兹的法律权威理论是拉兹法学理论的重要部分,也是分析法学发展的重要成果;拉兹还创造性地提出了服务性权威理论,本文旨在通过拉兹《自由的道德》一书梳理拉兹的权威理论,并从拉兹提出的三个命题(依赖性命题、常规证成命题和先占性命题)详细阐明拉兹服务性权威理论的内涵,最后试图评价拉兹的权威理论对个人自主问题的解决,以期发掘法律与道德关系的更多洞见。

The question of authority is an important concept in legal philosophy and political philosophy. The different ways of proving authority reflect the call of legal theory for different times. Raz’s theory of legal authority is an important part of Raz’s jurisprudence theory and an significant achievement of the development of analytical jurisprudence. Raz also creatively puts forward the theory of service authority. This paper aims to sort out Raz’s theory of authority through his book, The Morality of Freedom, and elaborate the connotation of Raz’s theory of service authority from three propositions (the dependence thesis, the normal justification thesis and the pre-emptive thesis) proposed by Raz. Finally, the author tries to evaluate the solution to the problem of individual autonomy by Raz’s authority theory in order to explore more insights into the relationship between law and morality.