民法典下自甘风险界定及适用研究

Study on the Definition and Application of the Assumption of Risk Rule in the Civil Code

《民法典》第一千一百七十六条规定了自甘风险规则,为行为人从事一定风险的文体活动产生的侵权纠纷提供了解决规则。但是现行法尚未对该规则的构成要件作出具体规定,导致在司法实践中存在大量的认识和适用不统一的问题,多以受害人同意、过失相抵、公平责任等原则混同适用的形式呈现。因此需要进一步厘清民法典精神下自甘风险的具体适用规则。

Article 1176 of The Civil Code stipulates the rule of assumption of risk, which provides the rules for the settlement of tort disputes arising from the doer engaging in certain risk sports and sports activities. However, the current law has not made specific provisions on the constitutive elements of this rule, resulting in a large number of problems in the judicial practice of understanding and application is not uniform, mostly in the form of victim consent, fault offsetting, equitable liability and other principles of mixed application. Therefore, it is necessary to further clarify the specific applicable rules of self-risk under the spirit of the civil code.