论土地经营权债权性质之界定

On the Definition of the Nature of Creditor’s Rights to Land Management Rights

自《农村土地承包法》新修订以及《民法典》出台后,对于“土地经营权”的法律属性的界定一直争论不休,有将土地经营权界定为物权属性,还有将土地经营权界定为物权债权双属性。不论从目的解释抑或文义解释而言,将土地经营权的法律属性界定为物权或物债双属性都缺乏法理支撑。但将土地经营权的法理属性界定为债权,即能实现设置此权利的制度目的,又能更好地保护权利人顺利实施权利,更具可行性。

Since the new revision of the “Rural Land Contract Law” and the introduction of the “Civil Code”, the definition of the legal attributes of “land management rights” has been controversial. There are land management rights defined as property rights, and land management rights are defined as dual attributes of property rights and claims. No matter from the purpose of interpretation or semantic interpretation, defining the legal attribute of land management right as property right or property debt double attribute lacks legal support. However, it is more feasible to define the legal attribute of land management right as creditor’s right, which can not only realize the institutional purpose of setting up this right, but also better protect the right holder to implement the right smoothly.