浅谈水力侵蚀对黄土高原浅层滑坡形成的影响

Discussion on the Influence of Hydraulic Erosion on the Formation of Shallow Landslide on the Loess Plateau

黄土高原地区水力侵蚀严重,诱发了滑坡灾害的发生,因此研究水力侵蚀对黄土高原滑坡灾害的防控具有重要意义。通过对典型的黄土塬区——董志塬进行实地调研,分析了水力侵蚀对黄土高原浅层滑坡形成的影响。诱发浅层滑坡的水力侵蚀包括地表水侵蚀和地下水侵蚀,地表水侵蚀表现为水流冲蚀边坡坡脚,形成凌空面,减小了坡体的抗滑力,而地下水侵蚀是由于地下水上升、浸润减小了边坡土体的强度,而在地下水下降过程中,产生渗透力,打破了原来受力的平衡状态,降低了边坡稳定性。期望通过GeoWEPP模型预测土壤侵蚀状况,推测滑坡发展程度,增强对浅层滑坡的防控。

The serious hydraulic erosion in the Loess Plateau has induced the occurrence of landslide disasters. Therefore, the study of hydraulic erosion is of great significance to the prevention and control of landslide disasters in the Loess Plateau. Based on the field investigation of Dongzhi plateau, a typical loess plateau area, the influence of hydraulic erosion on the formation of shallow landslide on loess plateau is analyzed. Hydraulic erosion induced by shallow landslides includes surface water erosion and groundwater erosion. Surface water erosion is characterized by water erosion at the foot of the slope, forming a volley surface, reducing the anti-sliding force of the slope. Groundwater erosion is due to the rise and infiltration of groundwater to reduce the strength of slope soil, and in the process of groundwater decline, resulting in permeability, breaking the original stress balance state and reducing the stability of the slope. It is expected that the GeoWEPP model can be used to predict soil erosion, predict the development degree of landslide and enhance the prevention and control of shallow landslide.