四川省降雨变化特征分析

Analysis of Rainfall Variation Characteristics in Sichuan Province

为了了解四川省降雨变化特征,本文利用1982~2011年四川省37个观测站点的降雨资料对年季气候变化特征进行了分析,结果表明:四川省年平均降雨量在453~1578 mm之间,各季平均降雨量依次为夏季最多,秋季次之,冬季最少;年平均降雨量呈线性减少趋势,减小幅度为2.0 mm/a;除春季呈线性增多外,其余各季均呈线性减少,且减少幅度不尽相同,夏季最大,秋季次之;年季降雨量空间分布特征具有相似性,整体呈西北部偏少,东部–南部一线偏多的分布特征,强中心位于盆地西南部一带;各地年季降雨量除东南部呈线性减少外,其余各地随季节不同而不同。通过分析明确了四川省降雨变化特征,可为气候论证和气候资源利用提供参考依据。

Using the precipitation data of 37 observation stations in Sichuan province from 1982 to 2011, this paper analyzes the characteristics of annual climate change. The results show that the annual average precipitation in Sichuan province is between 453 mm and 1578 mm, and the seasonal average precipitation is the most in summer and the next in autumn, least in winter. The annual aver-age precipitation decreased linearly by 2.0 mm/a, and decreased linearly in all seasons except spring, with the largest decrease in summer and the second in autumn. The spatial distribution characteristics of annual precipitation are similar, showing less in the northwest and more in the east-south, with a strong center in the southwest of the basin. The annual precipitation in all areas is different with the seasons, except that in the southeast, and it decreases linearly. By analyzing the characteristics of precipitation change in Sichuan Province, it can provide reference for climate demonstration and utilization of climate resources.