矿产资源型城市转型能力与城市资源压力耦合关系研究——以黑河市为例

Coupling Relationship between the Transformation Ability of Mineral Resource-Based Cities and the Pressure of Urban Resources—A Case Study of Hei’he City

本文以东北地区矿产资源型城市黑河市为研究对象,根据数据的完整性和黑河市矿产资源种类的丰富性,对黑河市2002~2017年17年的城市转型能力和资源压力进行分析。根据因子分析和主成分分析创建了城市转型能力评价体系,利用资源压力指数量化城市资源压力。并通过耦合协调度模型对城市转型能力和资源压力相关性和关联度进行耦合分析。结果表明,2002~2017年期间,黑河市城市转型能力呈上升态势,增加了145.36%,但仍低于全国平均城市转型能力水平;城市资源压力整体上呈上升趋势,增加了73.43%,但个别年份略有波动;黑河市耦合协调度水平处于持续下降趋势,总体下降了40.5%。城市转型能力和资源压力的耦合协调度水平经历了中度失调–严重失调两个阶段。有限的、不可持续的自然资源供给使产业结构单一、工业产品附加值少,城市转型能力有所下降,而受限的城市转型能力又使得城市更加依靠资源红利,接替产业发展缓慢,产业结构单一,城市内生动力不足、环境问题突出。因此,未来黑河市应该以促进产业结构转型和可持续发展为导向,秉持“绿水青山就是金山银山”的发展理念,合理规划东北地区矿产资源型城市经济健康稳定发展。

In this paper, a typical mineral resource-based city Heihe city is taken as the research object to establish an evaluation system of urban transformation capacity. Factor analysis and resource pressure index method are used to measure the urban transformation capacity and resource pressure of Heihe city from 2002 to 2017, and the coupling coordination degree model is used to analyze. The results show that during the period from 2002 to 2017, the urban transformation capacity of Heihe city increased by 145.36%, which is still lower than the national average level of urban transformation capacity. On the whole, the pressure of urban resources fluctuates and increases by 73.43%. The level of coupling coordination degree in Heihe city is in a continuous downward trend, with the overall decrease of 40.5%. In the urban coupling system, the level of the coupling coordination degree has gone through two stages: moderate imbalance and severe imbalance. The insufficient supply and security of resources and environment restrict the ability level of urban transformation, and the insufficient ability of urban transformation will have a negative impact on urban resources and environment. Therefore, in the future, Heihe city should carry out urban reconstruction and urban construction under the basic premise of protecting the ecological environment, pursue the green development concept with sustainable development as the core, and realize the coordination and unification of natural resources and urban transformation.