天津市近五年空气质量变化特征及影响因素分析

Analysis of Air Quality Characteristics and Influencing Factors in Tianjin in the Past Five Years

近年大气污染问题已经成为了世界性的问题,天津市所处的特殊地理环境和其发达的商业贸易,以及天津市民对于良好的大气环境的追求,对天津市的大气环境污染的防治问题提出了新的挑战。本文基于GIS技术对天津市从2015年到2019年五年间天津市16个区空气质量的变化进行综合的评价。进一步选取PM2.5、PM10、SO2、NO2、CO、O3作为大气主要污染物研究因子运用多元线性回归分析法,单因素方差分析法,以及克里金插值法,分析污染物的时空变化趋势及空气质量的影响因素。对天津市的空气质量指数(AQI)进行综合评定和分析结果显示,天津市的大气污染的主要原因是汽车尾气、工厂的废气、工地扬尘等、尤其是汽车尾气的排放。本研究的结果为揭示天津市空气污染的主要原因及寻求大气污染治理办法提供了科学的依据。

In recent years, the problem of air pollution has become a worldwide problem. The special geographical environment of Tianjin and its developed commercial trade, as well as Tianjin citizens’ pursuit of a good air environment, have brought new challenges to the prevention and control of air pollution in Tianjin. Based on the GIS technology, the air quality in districts of Tianjin from 2015 to 2019 was comprehensively evaluated. Further selecting PM2.5 and PM10, SO2, NO2, CO, and O3 as the main pollutant research factors, using multiple linear regression analysis, single factor variance analysis, and Kriging interpolation method to analyze the of the temporal and spatial changes of pollutants and factors affecting air quality. Comprehensive evaluation and analysis of Air Quality Index (AQI) of Tianjin showed that the main causes of air pollution of Tianjin were emissions of automobile and factory, and construction site dust, especially automobile. The results revealed the main causes of air pollution and the measures to control air pollution.