贵阳机场低空风切变特征及影响机制初探

Preliminary Study on the Characteristics and Impact Mechanism of Low Altitude Wind Shear at Guiyang Airport

利用航空器语音报告分析贵阳机场低空风切变天气统计学特征,发现贵阳机场低空风切变呈现逐年增多趋势,并且多发于冬春两季。然后利用常规观测资料及风廓线探测资料将影响贵阳机场的低空风切变进行分型,按照风要素特征分型为:风的水平切变、风的垂直切变及垂直气流的切变;按照影响天气系统分为:冷锋型、低空急流型、静止锋型和局地热对流型,其中冷锋型低空风切变发生最多,持续时间最长,影响最大,最后通过实际案例对贵阳机场一次冷锋型过境导致的低空风切变进行分析。Using aircraft voice reports to analyze the statistical characteristics of low altitude wind shear weather at Guiyang Airport, it was found that the low altitude wind shear at Guiyang Airport has been increasing year by year and is more common in winter and spring seasons. Then, using conventional observation data and wind profile detection data, the low-level wind shear affecting Guiyang Airport will be classified into three types based on wind element characteristics: horizontal wind shear, vertical wind shear, and vertical airflow shear;according to the impact on weather systems, it can be divided into cold front type, low-level jet stream type, stationary front type, and local thermal convection type. Among them, the cold front type has the highest occurrence, longest duration, and greatest impact of low-level wind shear. Finally, an actual case study was conducted to analyze the low-level wind shear caused by a cold front type passing through Guiyang Airport.