邻苯二甲酸酯类化合物在环境中的污染特征、生态风险及人体暴露

Pollution Characterization, Ecological Risks and Human Exposure to Phthalates in the Environment

邻苯二甲酸酯(PAEs)是最重要且广泛使用的增塑剂。PAEs的生物累积性使其对环境的影响受到广泛关注。由于全球近年来的经济发展和人口增长,PAEs的生产和消费量大幅上升,对若干环境分区造成了相关的污染威胁。本综述的目的是系统地介绍各种环境介质(包括水环境、空气、土壤)中PAEs的存在情况,并评估人体对PAEs的暴露。这揭示了一种位置依赖性,这种依赖性可归因于经济和工业发展的区域差异以及特定的地理位置。确定了进一步研究PAEs在不同环境介质中的运输和转化行为以及PAEs控制技术的必要性,作为有效评估潜在生态和健康风险的一种手段。Phthalates (PAEs) are the most important and widely used plasticizers. The bioaccumulative nature of PAEs has led to widespread concern about their impact on the environment. As a result of global economic development and population growth in recent years, the production and consumption of PAEs have risen dramatically, posing an associated pollution threat to several environmental sub-regions. The aim of this review is to systematize the presence of PAEs in various environmental media (including the aqueous environment, air, and soil) and to assess human exposure to PAEs. This revealed a location dependence that can be attributed to regional differences in economic and industrial development as well as to specific geographic locations. The need for further studies on the transport and transformation behavior of PAEs in different environmental media and on control technologies for PAEs was identified as a means of effectively assessing potential ecological and health risks.