不同充电策略对电动公交线路运营影响评估研究

Study on Impact Assessment of Different Charging Strategies on Electric Bus Line Operation

基于“零排放”的绿色目标,纯电动公交车在公共交通系统的应用越来越广泛。使用不同充电策略的纯电动公交车在运营过程中存在许多差异,同时会对线路的运营效果产生不同的影响。本文选取快速充电策略和慢速充电策略作为研究对象,从公交企业的角度出发,将公交企业的经济效益作为线路运营的评估指标值。基于电动公交单线路运营规则建立基于规则的纯电动公交调度模型,模型中设立车辆车场调度机制、剩余电量判断机制和车次衔接机制,利用MATLAB软件进行模型流程编写。以天津市649线路作为模型算例,带入相关参数,求解使用不同充电策略的电动公交车行车计划和评估指标值,进行策略对比和分析。为了更全面对比策略间的差异,将发车间隔、车次数量和线路长度进行敏感性分析,对比不同策略在这三大输入参数变化下,对线路运营效果的影响。

Based on the green goal of “zero emission”, pure electric buses are increasingly used in public transportation systems. There are many differences in the operation of pure electric buses that use different charging strategies, and they will have different effects on the operation of the line. This article selects the fast charging strategy and the slow charging strategy as the research ob-jects. From the perspective of the bus company, the economic benefits of the bus company are used as the evaluation index value of the line operation. A rule-based pure electric bus dispatching model is established based on the single-line operation rules of electric buses. The model sets up a vehicle yard dispatch mechanism, a remaining power judgment mechanism, and a train number connection mechanism. The MATLAB software is used to compile the model process. Take Tianjin 649 line as a model example, bringing in relevant parameters, solving electric bus driving plans and evaluation index values using different charging strategies, and comparing and analyzing strategies. In order to compare the differences between the strategies more comprehensively, the sensitivity analysis of the departure interval, the number of trains and the length of the route is carried out to compare the influence of different strategies on the operation effect of the route under the changes of these three input parameters.