基于HFACS的空中危险接近事故分析和启示

Analysis and Enlightenment of Air Danger Approaching Accident Based on HFACS

据统计,在已发生的空中交通事故中,70%以上的致因都是人为因素。为了有效分析事故本质,吸取经验以防止类似事故再次发生,提出一种基于人为因素分析分类系统的分析方法,即HFACS方法。此方法从表层的不安全行为进行分析,直到深层次的组织影响层,从显性因素到隐性因素,解释事故发生的本质原因。本文基于HFACS模型对一起日本空中危险接近案例进行系统分析,建立四层逻辑体系,找到了本案例中航空事故诱因中的人为因素,并根据相关分析提供保证飞行安全的意见建议,案例分析表明HFACS方法适用于分析各类航空事故来找寻事故底层的诱因。

According to statistics, more than 70% of air traffic accidents are caused by human factors. In order to effectively analyze the nature of the accident and learn experience to prevent similar accidents from happening again, an analysis method based on human factor analysis and classification system, HFACS method, is proposed. Methods from the unsafe behaviors on the surface to the deep organizational influence, from explicit factors to implicit factors, the essential causes of accidents were explained. In this paper, based on HFACS model, a case of approaching air danger in Japan is systematically analyzed, and a four-layer logic system is established. The human factors in the cause of aviation accidents in this case are found, and suggestions for ensuring flight safety are provided according to relevant analysis. Case analysis shows that HFACS method is suitable for analyzing all kinds of aviation accidents to find the underlying cause of accidents.