基于多源数据的城市高速公路通勤通道识别研究

Research on the Identification of High-Speed Commuter Channels in Mega-Cities Based on Multi-Source Data

随着特大城市建设的蓬勃发展,人们的出行距离不断增加,高速公路已成为越来越多的人出行的重要选择,进而导致高速公路出现拥堵。本文利用高速ETC卡口数据、ETC卡口基础数据和高速公路路网数据,采用K-means++聚类对济南市高速通勤通道进行识别,并结合济南市高速路网数据对其通勤流的时空特征进行分析。结果表明:1) 采用聚类方法识别出19段双向通勤型高速路段、2段单向通勤型高速路段。2) 济南市高速通勤路段时间通行特征呈现双驼峰型,在早高峰及晚高峰出行车辆较多,平峰车辆较少,符合通勤型通道车流的特征。3) 高速通勤通道呈现镜像C型分布特征,其通勤通道主要为济南北部G35、东部及南部的G2001,同时还涉及S8105华山枢纽至崔寨西枢纽路段和G2的曹范立交及港沟立交,其通勤通道大多穿梭于城市主要居住区、工作区及连接城市快速路的枢纽附近。4) 通勤通道车流量主要呈现G35高速车流量占比较高,其次为G2001的特点,东绕城路段车流量均在1000辆/h以上。通过本论文的研究,可以更好地了解高速公路的运行特点,为交通管理部门提供科学依据,提升交通效率,改善出行体验,促进城市可持续发展。

With the vigorous development of mega-city construction, people’s travel distance is increasing. High-speed has become the primary way for more and more people to choose to travel, which leads to some high-speed congestion. In this paper, the high-speed ETC bayonet data, ETC bayonet basic data and highway network data are used to identify the high-speed commuter channel of Jinan City by using K-means++ clustering, and the spatial and temporal characteristics of commuter flow are analyzed by combining the data of Jinan high-speed road network. The results show that: 1) The clustering method is used to identify 19 two-way commuter high-speed sections and 2 one-way commuter high-speed sections. 2) The time traffic characteristics of Jinan high-speed commuter section show a double hump type. There are more vehicles in the morning peak and evening peak, and fewer vehicles in the flat peak, which is in line with the characteristics of commuter channel traffic flow. 3) The high-speed commuter channel presents symmetrical C-type distribution characteristics, and its commuter channel is mainly G35 in the north of Jinan, G2001 in the east and south of Jinan, and also involves the section of S8105 Huashan hub to Cuizhaixi hub and G2 Caofan interchange and Ganggou interchange. Most of its commuter channels are shuttled around the main residential areas, working areas and hubs connecting urban expressways. 4) The traffic flow of the commuter channel mainly shows that the traffic flow of G35 high-speed traffic accounts for a relatively high proportion, followed by the traffic flow of the G2001 east ring road section is above 1000 vehicles/h. Through the research of this paper, we can better understand the operation characteristics of expressways, provide a scientific basis for traffic management departments, improve traffic efficiency, improve travel experience, and promote sustainable urban development.